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The Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience of Categorization, Novelty-Detec...

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Google Tech TalksNovember, 15 2007ABSTRACTNeurocomputational models provide fundamental insights towardsunderstanding the human brain circuits for learning new associationsand organizing our world into appropriate categories. In this talk Iwill review the information-processing functions of four interactingbrain systems for learning and categorization: (1) the basal ganglia which incrementally adjusts choice behaviors using environmentalfeedback about the consequences of our actions,(2) the hippocampus which supports learning in other brain regions through the creation ofnew stimulus representations (and, hence, new similarityrelationships) that reflect important statistical regularities in theenvironment,(3) the medial septum which works in a feedback-loop withthe hippocampus, using novelty-detection to alter the rate at whichstimulus representations are updated through experience,(4) the frontal lobes which provide for selective attention and executivecontrol of learning and memory. The computational models to be described have been evaluated through a variety of empiricalmethodoligies including human functional brain imaging, studies ofpatients with localized brain damage due to injury or early-stageneurodegenerative diseases, behavioral genetic studies ofnaturally-occuring individual variability, as well as comparativelesion and genetic studies with rodents. Our applications of thesemodels to engineering and computer science including automated anomalydetection systems for mechanical fault diagnosis on US Navyhelicopters and submarines as well more recent contributions to theDoD's DARPA program for Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures(BICA).Speaker: Dr. Mark GluckMark Gluck is a Professor of Neuroscience at Rutgers University - Newark, co-director of the Rutgers Memory Disorders Project, and publisher of the public health newsletter, Memory Loss and the Brain. He works at the interface between neuroscience, psychology, and computer science, where his research focuses on the neural bases of learning and memory, and the consequences of memory loss due to aging, trauma, and disease. He is the co-author of "Gateway to Memory: An Introduction to Neural Network Models of the Hippocampus and Memory " (MIT Press, 2001) and a forthcoming undergraduate textbook, "Learning and Memory: From Brain to Behavior." He has edited several other books and has published over 60 scientific journal articles. His awards include the Distinguished Scientific Award for Early Career Contributions from the American Psychological Society and the Young Investigator Award for Cognitive and Neural Sciences from the Office of Naval Research. In 1996, he was awarded a NSF Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers by President Bill Clinton. For more information, see http://www.gluck.edu.

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Uploaded: December 21, 2007 at 10:12 am
Author: googletechtalks

Length: 02:13
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beelzebubblicious6 (September 4, 2008 at 10:43 pm)
IQ tests are largely test of prefrontal cortex function, and that's by design.
ssnatcherss (August 30, 2008 at 3:08 am)
What Would William James Do?Really interesting presentation. Neuroscience blows my mind (pun intended).
Penn666 (August 26, 2008 at 7:04 am)
This was so confusing, by the end my head was really hurting.
modelmark (July 4, 2008 at 10:46 am)
Interesting stuff. Maybe he could also use the brain model to investigate why soldiers commit suicide more often than regular guys and often get into psychological problems after combat. It might be something interesting for the navy to fund.
sharpezor (July 3, 2008 at 5:45 am)
you're only sunk becuase you think you are. Be happy :)
cebralatrophy (June 22, 2008 at 8:36 pm)
i'm sunk.....i wish god would just take me hom
GnosticAtheist (April 5, 2008 at 5:15 am)
I see nothing wrong with facism. Facism is the only working system of organization. Then again, my definition of facism probably differ imensly with yours. Also, as an elitist, I do concure that "who controls who is correctly alligned to a given position" is a major problem in elitism.
GnosticAtheist (April 5, 2008 at 5:12 am)
I concure, every central structure in the brain needs to be calculated, and only then can a "general" processing ability be defined. Therefore, neurlogical data needs to be more complete.
markomanius (March 25, 2008 at 2:36 pm)
Here's a question: If hippocampus adds a additional constraints, how can you measure someones IQ and get a realistic results? For example, if someone does not find a solution for a problem (graphical problem for example), maybe it actually sees a confrontation in hierarchy of constraints that are for some subjective reason created, rather than stimulated by test it self. So the question is actually, how sure can you be that set of IQ tests can determine how ingenious somene is, or "stupid"?
rotocon (January 31, 2008 at 10:31 am)
yes, he tales quite sublimly. he has a james woodsy voice.
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